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楼主: 无心剑

【译诗经验谈】无心剑:英语诗歌翻译学习漫谈

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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:18:31 | 显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 雨荷风 于 2015-10-8 05:44 编辑

反省
近日读思果先生《翻译新究》,方知自己对翻译还未真正入门,这两年还稀里糊涂,沉迷于所谓的“翻译”,不知反省,真是可笑之至。
思果先生认为:字是桎梏,一定要打破;翻译要译意;要找中文来表达原文的意思;翻译是重写,能重写总要重写,不合中文而硬照字译,是失败,也是投降。不会写中文而要把外文译成中文,等于没有米还要煮饭。中文都写不通,翻译还能通吗?
平心而论,自己从未用中文写出一篇像样的文章,如此缺乏中文写作本领,居然还好意思做翻译,不仅糟踏了原文,而且译出的文字也对不起读者,念及此,真是羞愧得无地自容。
英译古诗词,只表明自己不知天高地厚,真是糟蹋了那些意境优美音韵和谐的古诗词,从现在起,不再做这种毫无意义的事情了。现在,我不敢叫自己的博客是“翻译花园”了,因为我那些翻译习作,不配这么好听的名字。把博客名字改为“Howard2005学翻译”,顿时觉得心里踏实多了。
由于自己中英文根底浅,根本没有能力打破字的桎梏,完全谈不上重写,只不过逐字逐句地死译,这种浮浅的文字转换究竟有什么意义呢?毫无意义,沉迷于这种毫无意义的文字转换游戏,就是浪费自己的生命。人生在世,应该做点对自己真正有意义的事情才对。
自己若真有心做翻译,就应该好好地补中文。静下心来阅读中文经典作品,吸收丰富的精神营养,比浮躁地翻译诗词有意义得多。不会中文写作,就不要愚蠢地做翻译,否则做出的绝对是不伦不类丢人现眼的东西。
2007年7月2日。

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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:19:23 | 显示全部楼层
最近几年,投身翻译实践,涉及数学、计算机、哲学、文学、宗教等领域,包括诗歌、散文、实用文等多种文体,翻译量达二十余万字。研读过张培基编著的《英汉翻译教程》、陈宏薇主编的《汉英翻译基础》、钱歌川编著的《翻译的技巧》,以及王泉水著的《科技英语翻译技巧》等等。认真学习名家的译作,主要是林语堂、杨宪益的翻译作品,如《浮生六记》、《阿Q正传》等等。我做翻译练习,最开始选用的材料,要么是跟专业有关系的,例如数学和程序设计方面的,要么是我感兴趣的,例如抒情诗歌、哲理散文和流行歌曲等等。因为我喜欢这些文字,所以才按捺不住要翻译,而且喜欢反复琢磨修改,直到自己感到满意为止。当然,限于自身水平,尽管自己满意了,但是并不见得好,这需要一个漫长的锻炼过程,才能让自己的译文更加忠实和通顺。
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:19:54 | 显示全部楼层
2001年讲授《数学方法论》,我翻译一篇相关的文章《Experientialism VS Objectivism(经验主义对客观主义)》,下面摘录其中两段来分析。

What is Mathematics? There are many answers to this question. The academician, the curriculum designer, the student, the engineer, the politician... are all likely to have different notions about the fundamental nature of mathematics which color their opinions on what should be taught in school mathematics, how it should be presented, and what the ultimate purpose of the exercise is. Such notions about the nature of a thing are called 'conceptual systems'.

原译:数学是什么?这个问题有很多答案。学者、课程设计者、学生、工程师、政治家……很有可能对于数学的本质持有不同的观点,这往往会歪曲他们对下述问题的判断:学校数学应该教什么?应该如何教?数学习题的根本目的何在?对于一个事物持有的观点集合称作"概念系统"。

做英汉翻译,易犯毛病之一,译文欧化,不符合汉语表达习惯,尽管意思表达清楚了,但是读起来不通顺,不流畅,让人感觉不舒服;易犯毛病之二,译文不简洁,有些字句是多余的;易犯毛病之三,词义选择不准确,英语单词往往一词多义,究竟该选择哪个词义,要根据上下文斟酌。比如上面这段翻译,就存在诸如此类的毛病,下面具体分析。

(1)"There are many answers to this question."译成"这个问题有很多答案。"当然没错,但不够简洁,不如译成"有很多答案。"

(2)"are all likely to have different notions about the fundamental nature of mathematics"译成"很有可能对于数学的本质持有不同的观点"不好,增加一个"很"字,这个强调是原文没有的,这就犯了"过载翻译"的毛病,另外,"持有不同的观点"也不够简洁,不如译成"有不同观点"或者"有不同看法",因此改译成"可能对数学的本质有不同观点"。

(3)"color"译成"歪曲"不好,"歪曲"这个词带有明显的个人感情色彩,因此,换一个比较中性客观的词"影响",这样比较符合科技类实用文的文体特征。

(4)"what should be taught in school mathematics, how it should be presented, and what the ultimate purpose of the exercise is."译成"学校数学应该教什么?应该如何教?数学习题的根本目的何在?"不够简洁,而且用"何在"有些文言色彩,跟整个译文显得不协调,采用"转换成分"的翻译技巧,改译成"数学的教学内容?教学方式?习题的根本目的?"

改译:数学是什么?有很多答案。学者、课程设计者、学生、工程师、政治家……可能对数学的本质有不同观点,这影响他们对下述问题的判断:数学的教学内容?教学方式?习题的根本目的?关于事物本质的那些概念就叫做"概念系统"。

当然,改译并非完善,但至少比原译更简洁明了,做翻译,需要这样反复琢磨,让译文更好。

There is something odd about the way we teach mathematics in our schools. We make little or no provision for students to play an active and generative role in learning mathematics and we teach mathematics as if we expect that students will never have occasion to invent new mathematics.

原译:我们学校里教数学的方法有些古怪。我们很少甚至没有提供机会给学生,让他们在学习数学的过程中扮演活跃和创造的角色,我们好像只想传授数学知识,从来没有期望学生们也有机会创造新的数学。

改译:学校里,我们教数学的方法有些怪。对学生,我们很少甚至没有提供机会,让他们在数学学习过程中发挥积极性和创造性,我们讲授数学,仿佛期望着学生没有机会创造新的数学。

读者可以看出,由于采用了翻译技巧,改译比原译更加通顺和简洁。
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:21:32 | 显示全部楼层
在2002年讲授《VB程序设计》,翻译《Learn Visual Basic 6》第一章作为练习,下面我摘录其中两段来分析。

The event-driven nature of Visual Basic allows you to build your application in stages and test it at each stage. You can build one procedure, or part of a procedure, at a time and try it until it works as desired. This minimizes errors and gives you, the programmer, confidence as your application takes shape.

原译:VB的事件驱动特性允许你分阶段创建和测试你的应用程序。你能每次创建一个过程或者仅仅一部分过程,然后对它进行测试,直到它如预期的那样工作。这样就能让错误最小化,并且在应用程序成形时给予你这个程序员足够的信心。

改译:VB的事件驱动特性,可使你分阶段创建和测试应用程序。你可每次创建一个过程,或者过程的一部分,然后测试它,直到满足预期效果。这就把错误减到最少,而且给你这个程序员以信心来开发应用程序。

第一句,原译固然不错,改译采用"断句"的翻译技巧,把主语单独列出,达到强调效果。"until it works as desired"译成"直到它如预期的那样工作"固然不错,但是拘泥于原文,有些"洋"味,改译成"直到满足预期效果",这样符合汉语表达习惯。对于"takes shape",词典上解释如下:"成形,形成,具体化,有显著发展",好像每个词义用上去都不合适,其实,形成应用程序,在程序员眼里,就是开发应用程序,为了让译文更符合汉语表达习惯,我没有把"as your application takes shape"当成时间状语来翻,而是作为"give"宾语补足语来翻,即"gives you confidence to develop your application",采用了"转换成分"的翻译技巧,这样改译比原译更清晰通顺。

As you progress in your programming skills, always remember to take this sequential approach to building a Visual Basic application. Build a little, test a little, modify a little and test again. You'll quickly have a completed application. This ability to quickly build something and try it makes working with Visual Basic fun - not a quality found in some programming environments! Now, we'll look at each step in the application development process.

原译:当你在编程技巧方面取得进步,请你记住采用这个创建VB应用程序的顺序。创建一点,测试一点,修改一点,然后再测试。这样你将会得到一个完整的应用程序。快速创建和测试程序的能力使得利用VB工作显得有趣,这在有些编程环境中你无法体会到的。现在,让我们来看看应用程序开发过程的每个步骤。

改译:随着你编程技能的进步,始终记住创建VB应用程序的方法。创建一点,测试一点,修改一点,然后再测试。你将很快编好一个应用程序。这个快速创建和测试的能力,使得VB编程充满乐趣,这是某些编程环境不具备的。现在,让我们来看看开发应用程序的每个步骤。

"As you progress in your programming skills"译成"当你在编程技巧方面取得进步"固然不错,采用"转换成分"技巧,改译成"随着你编程技能的进步"更简洁流畅。"You'll quickly have a completed application."的原译"这样你将会得到一个完整的应用程序。"逐词翻译,有些"洋"味,不及改译"你将很快编好一个应用程序。"那么符合汉语表达习惯。"This ability to quickly build something and try it makes working with Visual Basic fun"采用"断句"技巧,译成"这个快速创建和测试的能力,使得VB编程充满乐趣",读起来比原译显得节奏要舒缓些。"Now, we'll look at each step in the application development process."的改译采用了"减译词语"的技巧,因为"开发"本身就是一个"过程",所以不翻"process"这个词,让译文更简洁。
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:26:00 | 显示全部楼层
2006年1、2月期间翻译一本数学科普读物《Math A Day(天天数学)》,下面摘录其中一段。

HISTORICAL/CURRENT NOTE

Imagine an object that is not 1, 2, 3 dimensional, but some fractional dimension. Imagine an object that has finite area but infinite perimeter. Imagine a curve that is continuous everywhere but can have no tangent. Strange? Conservative mathematicians labeled such objects mathematical monsters or anomalies when these first surfaced in the late 19th century in the works of Weierstrass, Cantor, Koch and Peano. In the early 1990s other mathematicians made contributions in this area, but these creatures really came to life with the advent of modern computers and the 1952-75 work of Benoit Mandelbrot, who named them fractals. Today, fractals are found in cinematography work, in economics, in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, in the shapes of plants, clouds - in short, they are almost everywhere.

原译:古代/现代的评注

想象一个物体,它不是一维、二维或三维而是分数维;想象一个物体,它面积有限但周长无限;想象一条曲线,它处处连续却没有切线。是不是感觉奇怪?当这些东西于19世纪晚期在魏尔斯特拉斯、康托、科赫和皮亚诺的著作中首次出现时,保守的数学家们给这些东西贴上了数学怪物或数学异常的标签。在20世纪早期,还有其他数学家在这一领域做出贡献,但直到现代计算机的出现,以及伯诺瓦·芒德布罗在二十世纪52年到70年期间的著作中把这些东西命名为"分形"时,它们才真正获得了生命。如今,在电影艺术的工作中、在经济学的研究中、在骨质疏松症的诊断中,在植物与云朵的形状中,都有分形的踪影--简而言之,它们无处不在。

改译:古今评注

想象一个不是一维、二维或三维而是分数维的物体;想象一个面积有限但周长无限的东西;想象一条处处连续但处处没有切线的曲线。感觉奇怪吗?19世纪末,当这些东西首次出现在魏尔斯特拉斯、康托、科赫和皮亚诺著作中的时候,保守的数学家们给它们贴上了数学怪物或数学异常的标签。20世纪初,其他数学家在这一领域做出贡献,但这些东西伴随着现代计算机的出现以及伯诺瓦·曼德尔布罗特在1952-1970年期间的工作才真正获得生命,并被曼德尔布罗特命名为"分形"。如今,在电影摄影的工作中、在经济学的研究中、在骨质疏松症的诊断中,在植物与云朵的形状中,都会发现分形的踪影--简而言之,它们无处不在。

大家可以对比这两个版本的译文,看看我做了些什么修改。你是不是也感觉改译比原译读起来更加通顺流畅些呢?
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:26:16 | 显示全部楼层
散文与科普文章相比,除了信息功能外,还有表情功能和美感功能。抒情散文一般带个人感情色彩,在叙事或抒情中,或深沉细腻,或流畅明快;而哲理散文往往是说理性的,或深入浅出,或雄辩有力。在翻译时,要注重体现散文的风格特点,使译文的意义完整,语言流畅、地道。

人说,花开的声音是可以听见的……你曾听见花开的声音吗?花落呢,花落的时候也会有声音吗,你也可以听见花落的声音吗……花落的时候,只有满地飘零的花瓣,有谁可以听见,花落的声音……如果我是只飘落的蝶,就让它在尘土中飘落融化吧,不要,不要,不要拿出你的透明水晶,把我制成一只美丽的蝴蝶标本……对于友情,网络或许不近也不远,温馨、亲切而又让人牵挂;对于爱情,网络却是隔着千重的山万重的水……祝福你,不要再说什么留念……

原译:It is said that the sound of flowering may be heard...Have you ever heard it? How about flowers' falling? Is there any sound when flowers are falling? Can you also hear it? Only fallen petals here and there when flowers are falling! Who can hear its sound? If I am a fallen butterfly, just let me melt into the dust! Don't take out your transparent crystal and make a beautiful butterfly specimen of me...As far as friendship is concerned, the net may be neither near nor far for friends, and you'll feel warm and kind, even a little worry in your heart; but with love, the net seems like thousands of mountains and rivers for lovers...Bless you, don't mention memento anymore...

改译:It's said that flowering sound can be heard...Have you ever heard it? How about flowers' falling? Is there any sound when flowers are falling? Can you also hear it? Only the fallen petals here and there when flowers are falling! Who can hear its sound? If I were a fallen butterfly, just let me melt into the dust! Don't make a beautiful butterfly specimen of me with your clear-crystal...When it comes to friendship, the net may be neither near nor far between friends, and you'll feel warm and kind, even a little worry in your heart; but when it comes to love, the net seems like thousands of mountains and rivers between lovers...Bless you, don't say you'll always keep me in your heart...

"不要拿出你的透明水晶,把我制成一只美丽的蝴蝶标本",原译是"Don't take out your transparent crystal and make a beautiful butterfly specimen of me",是一个并列句结构,显得冗长,而改译"Don't make a beautiful butterfly specimen of me with your clear-crystal."就是一个简单句,意思表达得很清楚很简洁。

最有一句,"不要再说什么留念……",原译"don't mention memento anymore."只把字面意思译出,而文字背后的含义却没有表达出来,因此,我改译为"don't say you'll always keep me in your heart.",这样就诠释了留恋的含义,我觉得留恋,就是把对方永远记在心上的意思。
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:27:40 | 显示全部楼层
《熟悉的地方没有风景(No Scenery in the Familiar Place)》

我曾对住在森林公园的一对夫妻羡慕不已,因为公园里有清新的空气,有大片的杉树、竹林,有幽静的林间小道,有鸟语和花香。然而,当这对夫妻知道有人羡慕他们的住所时,却神情诧异。他们认为这儿没有多少值得观光和留恋的景致,远不如城市的丰富有趣。

原译:I have once envied a couple living in a forest near a park, for they can enjoyed the fresh air there, the extended woods of fir trees and bamboos, the tranquil paths running through, the birds chirping and the flowers giving off fragrance. But the couple was amazed and perplexed when they learned that someone else admired them only for their living place. In their eyes, there were no unique views worthy of being visited and being attached to, and the views were much less colorful and interesting compared to that of a city.

改译:I ever envied a couple living in a forest park, because there were fresh air, a wide range of firs and bamboos, peaceful tree-lined paths, birds' singing and flowers' fragrance. However, this couple had a surprised look when they knew that they were envied because of their dwelling place. They think there were not many views worth a visit and stay in their dwelling place, which was much less rich and fun than a city.

当时,我的感觉是,熟悉的地方没有风景。这对夫妇对这儿太熟悉了,花草树木,清风明月,在他们漫长的日子里,已不再有风景的含义,而是成为习以为常的东西。《幸福》杂志上的那些部长、商人及平民百姓,之所以不愿做他们现在的自己,与住在森林公园的那对夫妇一样,是对长期拥有那片风景,已经习以为常,风景已不再成为风景了。

原译:At that time, I learned a lesson: old place has no beautiful views. As that couple were too familiar with their living environment-- the trees ,the grass and the flowers,the cooling winds and the bright moon--that all these had become an ordinary part of their unvarying life rather than natural wonders.

改译:At that time, I felt there was no scenery in familiar place. The couple was too familiar with all those things, such as trees, grasses, flowers,cool breeze and bright moon, which were not views but ordinary things in their long days. like the couple living in the forest park, those ministers, businessmen and common people on the Fortune magazine are unwilling to be their current selves, just because they are accustomed to those sceneries, which are not sceneries any more in their eyes.

在人生的旅途中,最糟糕的境遇往往不是贫困,不是厄运,而是精神和心境处于一种无知无觉的疲惫状态。感动过你的一切不能再感动你,吸引过你的一切不能再吸引你,甚至激怒过你的一切也不再激怒你,这时,人就需要寻找另一片风景。

原译:During one's journey of life, the most terrible thing is neither the poverty nor the adversity, but a numb tiredness in your mind and your heart. What once moved you can no longer move you; what once attracted you no longer attract you; even what once irritated you no longer irritate you. Then, you need to go elsewhere to seek another view.

改译:What's the most awful situation on a journey of life? It's neither poverty nor doom but an insensible tired state of one's mind and heart. You need seek another piece of scenery to stay when all that moved, attracted or enraged you have no influence on you any more.

读者对原译和改译进行对比,可发现改译比原译更加简洁。在我眼里,简单或简洁意味着美。在表达同样多的信息时,越简洁越好。

因为初事翻译,我坚持直译为主,意译为辅的原则。我喜欢句对句(sentence for sentence)的处理方式,尽量不改动句式来翻译,因此,有很多朋友批评我的翻译太刻板,缺少灵活性,我承认这个缺点,但是我非得经历过这个死板的一丝不苟的阶段,才有可能朝着更高一点的目标进发。这篇文章,几乎都是句对句的直译,唯独最后一段,我没有遵循这个原则,为了追求简洁的译文,我完全打乱了原文的句式,进行了归并处理,不知效果如何,对刻板的我而言,算是一种有益的尝试吧!
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:29:24 | 显示全部楼层
2005年改译一篇散文《Sweet September(甜美的九月)》,希望读者进行对比分析。

September is more than a month, really; it is a season, an achievement in itself. It begins with August's leftovers and it ends with October's preparations, but along the way it achieves special satisfactions. After summer's heat and haste, the year consolidates itself. Deliberate September-in its own time and tempo-begins to sum up another summer.

原译:真的,九月不仅仅是一个月份,它还是一个季节,一份成就。它始于八月的余热,终于十月繁忙的准备。但在这之间,它带来了异常的惊喜与满足。熬过夏季的躁热,这年就平静下来。九月,伴着它的时令,踩着它的节拍,翩然而至,宣告夏季的结束。

改译:九月真的不止一个月;它是一个季节,成就它自己。始于八月之余热,终于十月之准备,但一路走来,它特别心满意足。夏之躁热后,一年归于平静。九月,伴着时令,踩着节拍,有备而来,给夏季划上句号。

With September comes a sense of autumn. It creeps in on a misty dawn and vanishes in the hot afternoon. It tiptoes through the treetops, rouging a few leaves, then rides a tuft of thistledown across the valley and away. It sits on a hilltop and hoots like an October owl in the dusk. It plays tag with the wind. September is a challenging busy as a squirrel in a hickory tree, idle as a languid brook. It is summer's ripeness and richness fulfilled.

原译:九月悄然给我们捎来了一丝秋意。它无声无息地浸入雾蒙蒙的清晨,又在阳光煦暖的午后没了踪影;它蹑手蹑脚地跨过树梢,掠过些许叶子,又轻踏一簇毛蓟绕过山谷而去。它时而独栖山顶,像十月黄昏中猫头鹰的鸣叫;时而又同微风嬉戏;时而如山核树上的松鼠,忙得不亦乐乎;时而如慵懒的小溪,汩汩流淌。夏季的成熟与丰饶成就了甜美的九月。

改译:九月捎来一丝秋意。它随薄雾之清晨悄然而来,又在煦暖之午后消失无踪;它蹑手蹑脚,掠过树梢,抹红叶子,然后,乘一簇毛蓟越过山谷而去。它驻足山顶,像十月猫头鹰鸣叫黄昏;它同风儿嬉戏玩耍;九月像山核树上的松鼠那般忙碌,又如缓缓流淌的小溪那般慵懒。夏季的成熟与丰饶,成就了甜美的九月。

Some of the rarest days of the year come in the September season-days when it is comfortably cold but pulsing with life, when the sky is clear and clean, the air crisp, the wind free of dust. Meadows still smell of hay and the sweetness of cut grass. September flowers are less varied than those of May but so abundant that they make September another flowery month. Goldenrod comes by mid-August, but rises to a peak of golden abundance in early September. Late thistles make spectacular purple accents. And asters blossom everywhere, along the roadsides, in meadows, on the hilltops, even in city lots, raging in color from pure white through all degrees of lavender to the royal New England purple.

原译:九月给我们带来了一年中最难得的时光:晴空万里,秋高气爽,清风徐来,一尘不染,生命与季节一起脉动。草场上散发着新草垛及新刈绿草的清香。九月花草争荣,不亚于百花竞放的五月,又是一个繁华似锦的季节。黄花在八月中旬含苞欲放,待到九月初花重四野,遍地金黄。晚蓟却争紫斗艳,引人入胜。紫苑处处绽放,在小路旁,草场中,山顶上,甚至在市郊空地里,从各种各样的熏衣草的纯白到新英格兰贵族紫色,颜色各异。

改译:九月,一年中最珍贵的时光,秋高气爽,风中无尘,与生命一起律动。草场还弥漫着干草及刈草的芳香。九月虽不及五月众花争奇斗艳,但繁花依然造就了绚烂的九月。八月中旬,黄花含苞欲放;九月初,肆意盛开,洒遍金黄。晚蓟浮动诱人的紫色。紫菀处处绽放,小路旁,草场中,山顶上,甚或市区空地里,颜色各异,从各种熏衣草的纯白到高贵的新英格兰紫色。

大家可以看出,原译比改译更富有文采,但改译比原译更加简洁,第一段少19个字,第二段少18个字,第三段少30个字,客观地评价,两种译文,各有所长,不过从文学翻译的角度来考虑,第一种译文更可取些,牺牲一点简洁性,追求译文的文采和美感。
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-8-4 18:29:43 | 显示全部楼层
诗词翻译要再现原作的艺术美。诗词是运用特殊的语言和艺术手法创造的艺术品,具有形象性、艺术性,表达了某种情节内容、思想感情,体现了作家独特的艺术风格,并且具有引人入胜的艺术境界。翻译诗词,光传意(即做到意义上的忠实)是远远不够的,还要注意保存原作的感情、韵味、意境的风格,要把原诗创造的艺术意境传达出来。

诗词翻译是一种创造性的活动。诗词翻译采用的文学艺术手段,具有鲜明的主体性和创造性。在翻译过程中,译者既是原作艺术美的欣赏和接受者,同时又是它的表现者。从欣赏到表现,有一个重要环节,即译者的审美再创造,或者叫心灵的再创造,情感形式的再创造。这种再创造的关键是要抓住蕴含在原作中作者的思想感情,在此基础上不妨甩开原文形式,选用最佳的词句结构、表现手法,把原文(不仅仅是内容,而且还包括情感、意境、韵味和风格)重新表达出来。

(1)英诗汉译

April

I loved her more than moon or sun -
There is no moon or sun for me;
Of lovely things to look upon,
The loveliest was she.
She does not hear me, though I sing -
And, oh, my heart is like to break!
The world awakens with the spring,
But she - she does not wake!

原译:四月

我爱她胜过日月 如今我已无日月
世间可爱不计数 无疑她是最可爱
她听不到我歌唱 我的心快要破碎
春来万物都苏醒 而她却永眠不醒!

改译:四月

爱她情浓胜日月,而今日月无踪影。
世间尤物何其多,唯她教我付痴情。
放歌生死两相隔,今生心碎了无凭。
春来万物复生机,吾爱安眠永不醒!

改译注意了押韵和节奏问题,读起来比原译更加通顺和流畅。

下面这首诗是英国诗人罗伯特·彭斯(Robert Burns)的代表作品。

A Red, Red Rose

红红的玫瑰

O, my Luve's like a red, red rose,
That's newly sprung in June.
O, my Luve's like a melodie
That's sweetly play'd in tune.

哦,爱人像红红的玫瑰,
六月初绽芬芳;
哦,爱人像美妙的乐曲,
旋律轻轻流淌。

As fair as thou, my bonnie lass,
So deep in luve am I;
And I will love thee still, my dear,
Till a' the seas gang dry.

好姑娘,散发美丽光芒,
爱你情深意切;
亲爱的,我要永远爱你,
直到四海枯竭。

Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi' the sun:
I will love thess till, my dear,
While the sands o' life shall run:

亲爱的,直到四海枯竭,
太阳烧裂岩石;
亲爱的,我要永远爱你,
只要尚存一息。

And fare thee well, my only luve!
And fare thee weel, a while!
And I will come again, my luve,
Tho' it ware ten thousand mile.

再见吧,我唯一的爱人!
不过别离片刻!
亲爱的,我会与你重逢,
纵使万里相隔。

原诗首两节韵式为单交韵,ABCB, DEFE, 末两节韵式为双交韵,GHGH, IJIJ。诗中有个别字是苏格兰方言。原诗各小节的音节数为9、6、9、6,8、6、8、6,8、7、8、7,8、6、8、7,译诗首节为5顿(五个节奏,即:啊,/爱人/像/红红的/玫瑰)、3顿、5顿、3顿,其余三节为4、3、4、3顿。

在这首诗的翻译中,我注意了押韵问题,每节押不同的韵:芳-淌,切-竭,石-息,刻-隔,并且每节采用长短搭配的结构,显得错落有致,也让译文呈现出一定的形式美。
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发表于 2010-8-4 19:08:13 | 显示全部楼层
你的语言达到一定境界,你的领悟达到一定高度,就必会舍弃翻译。这是必然之路。但凡真正爱诗之人,只会反复吟诵,直至烂熟于心,成为自己的呼吸,和生命的一部分,何忍对其下手呢?
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