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威廉•华兹华斯诗选
吕志鲁译
威廉•华兹华斯(Willian Wordsworth 1770—1850)英国诗人
(一)
真美
面纱长遮盖,
真美费疑猜。
待到心交融,
你痴我也呆。
这首短诗只有一句四行,但句子结构严谨,主谓完整分明,主从排列有序,属典型的欧式句;译成汉语后,虽然也是短短四行,但措词似乎已 “面目全非”。句式(包括结构、语序等)不同,是语言体系不同的必然;措词相异,则是表达习惯相异的偶然。为了求得节奏和谐、音韵优美、语言高雅,为了达到以诗译诗以及传神达意的目的,运用各种翻译手段对原语加以处理,这也是引起变化的原因。如原语 “藏于深处”变为译语中的 “费疑猜”;原语 “没有揭开” 变为译语中的 “长遮盖”;原语 “心与心相应和着跳动”,译语则为 “心交融”;原语直白的 “爱人得到爱”,而译语成了一往情深的 “你痴我也呆”。真可谓,一句之中变化万千。
True Beauty
True beauty dwells in deep retreats
Whose veils is unremoved
Till heart with heart in concord beats,
And the lover is loved.
(二)
孤独的割麦人
看那远处的麦地中间,
有一位孤独的高原姑娘!
不要靠近,悄悄躲开,
她独自一人在收割歌唱!
形只影单,边割边捆,
曲调带着寂寞忧伤;
听啊,那歌声悠悠,
把深遂的山谷震响。
夜莺难与她的歌声相比,
让精疲力竭的游人神清气爽;
即使身处阿拉伯燥热的沙漠,
也会感到绿洲的阴凉;
胜似春日杜鹃的啼号,
动人心魄,荡气回肠;
即使遥远的赫布利底群岛,
宁静的大海也会掀起巨浪。
她的歌声谁能听懂,
她的曲调谁会欣赏?
是在诉说哀怨的往事,
还是感叹古代的战场?
或者只是哼唱小曲,
絮叨每天每日的家常?
或者倾吐难免的失落、痛苦,
还有充满人生的悲伤?
尽管姑娘的歌唱无人听懂,
那歌声似乎无尽地悠长;
只见她一边吟唱一边割麦,
弓身弯腰,手中镰刀挥扬;
我摒气凝神,专心倾听,
不觉来到高高的山岗,
那歌声虽已戛然而止,
余音却还在心中久久回荡。
The Solitary Reaper
BEHOLD her, single in the field,
Yon solitary Highland Lass!
Reaping and singing by herself;
Stop here, or gently pass!
Alone she cuts and binds the grain,
And sings a melancholy strain;
O listen! for the Vale profound
Is overflowing with the sound.
No Nightingale did ever chaunt
More welcome notes to weary bands
Of travellers in some shady haunt,
Among Arabian sands:
A voice so thrilling ne'er was heard
In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,
Breaking the silence of the seas
Among the farthest Hebrides.
Will no one tell me what she sings?—
Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow
For old, unhappy, far-off things,
And battles long ago:
Or is it some more humble lay,
Familiar matter of to-day?
Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,
That has been, and may be again?
Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sang
As if her song could have no ending;
I saw her singing at her work,
And o'er the sickle bending;—
I listen'd, motionless and still;
And, as I mounted up the hill,
The music in my heart I bore,
Long after it was heard no more.
(三)
她住在人迹罕至的地方
她住在人迹罕至的地方,
圣洁的小溪在身边流淌,
没有谁把这少女赞颂,
少有人为她挂肚牵肠。
她是紫罗兰身影半露,
生苔的墓碑将她遮挡;
美丽如一颗孤星,
在夜空里闪闪发亮。
没有谁了解她曾活在世上,
少有人知道她何时夭亡;
露西躺在墓中,啊,
我的心变得一遍苍凉。
这是一位大诗人为一位普通苏格兰少女吟唱的挽歌。她就像紫罗兰一般美丽,却被生苔的墓碑遮挡,唯有身影半露;她如同星星那样皎洁,却被高挂夜空,只能孤独地闪闪发亮。荒郊野外,自生自灭,无人牵挂,无人关爱,唯有诗人惜美怜贫,内心一片苦痛凄凉。
She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways
She dwelt among the untrodden ways
Beside the springs of Dove,
A Maid whom there were none to praise
And very few to love:
A violet by a mossy stone
Half hidden from the eye!
─Fair as a star, when only one
Is shining in the sky.
She lived unknown, and few could know
When Lucy ceased to be;
But she is in her grave, and ,oh,
The difference to me!
(四)
我曾远游海外
我曾远游海外,
周围都是陌生的眼光;
英格兰, 不知爱你有多深沉,
只因未曾去过异国他乡!
忧郁的梦全都散去,
远游的念头早已消亡,
只因爱你越发深沉,
我不愿再次背起行囊。
你的崇山中有我的欢乐,
你的峻岭上有我的期望;
傍着英格兰炉火摇着纺车,
还有我那心爱的姑娘。
你的晨曦照着她在林阴流连,
你的夜幕伴着她在茅舍徜徉;
还有你那碧绿的田野,
引来露西最后深情的眺望。
I travelled among unknown men
I travelled among unknown men
In lands beyond the sea;
Nor, England! did I know till then
What love I bore to thee.
'Tis past, that melancholy dream!
Nor will I quit thy shore
A second time; for still I seem
To love thee more and more.
Among thy mountains did I feel
The joy of my desire;
And she I cherished turned her wheel
Beside an English fire.
Thy mornings showed, thy nights concealed,
The bowers where Lucy played;
And thine too is the last green field
That Lucy's eyes surveyed.
(五)
登威斯敏斯特大桥
都城一片沐浴灿烂晨曦
天外仙境举世无与伦比;
美景雄伟壮观谁不动情,
除非五官失灵精神麻痹;
朝霞闪耀晴空清彻沉寂,
伦敦宛如披上霓裳云衣;
船只、高塔、圆拱、尖顶、剧院,
敞向绿野蓝天漫无边际;
阳光倾泻显露旷古漪丽,
千姿百态,峡谷、山丘、崖壁!
河水尽情流淌酣畅淋漓,
何曾感受如此深遂静谧?
主啊,每幢屋宇都已沉睡,
伟大心脏正在悄然安息!
Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802
Earth has not anything to show more fair:
Dull would he be of soul who could pass by
A sight so touching in its majesty:
This City now doth, like a garment, wear
The beauty of the morning; silent, bare,
Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie
Open unto the fields, and to the sky;
All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.
Never did sun more beautifully steep
In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill;
Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!
The river glideth at his own sweet will:
Dear God! the very houses seem asleep;
And all that mighty heart is lying still!
(六)
安眠封闭了我的灵魂
安眠封闭了我的灵魂,
人世的恐惧忘却磬尽,
她已回归自然,
对岁月的感觉荡然无存。
纹丝不动,了无声息,
闭目不视,充耳不闻,
她陪着山脉,拌着木石,
追随大地昼夜飞驰的转轮。
A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal
A slumber did my spirit seal;
I had no human fears:
She seemed a thing that could not feel
The touch of earthly years.
No motion has she now, no force;
She neither hears nor sees;
Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course
With rocks, and stones, and trees.
(七)
快乐的幽灵
当她初次在我面前闪现,
那真是一个快乐的幽灵;
这个可爱的幻象,
在人世瞬息间略显风韵;
她的秀发是昏夜中淡淡的黑幕,
她的双眼是微暗中皎洁的星辰;
一切都归于喜阅的黎明,
一切都来自勃发的青春;
舞姿翩翩,体态轻盈,
时时纠缠,偷袭频频,
有时让人喜不自胜,
有时让人胆战心惊。
我随后看到她近在咫尺,
是幽灵又是鲜活的女性!
常人的举止轻快洒脱,
少女的步态烂漫天真;
容颜中透露甜蜜的回忆,
表情里显现温柔的应允;
她并非超凡脱俗,
她有人间的常情:
淡淡的哀愁,小小的手腕,
褒、贬、笑、爱、泪水和亲吻。
现在, 目睹她超人的神态,
我的心里风平浪静;
她在呼吸她在思索她有生命,
她是尘世的过客在生与死间穿行;
有健全的理智,
有常人的恒心,
警示、抚慰、任由支配,
力量、机巧、远见、容忍,
她是淑女典型,
她是玉质天成;
虽依旧还是一个幻影,
却闪耀着天使的光明。
此诗是一首爱情三步曲。把心仪的人比作难以企及的 “幽灵”,别出心裁。初次一瞥,诗人不敢相信自己的眼睛,“她” 那朦胧的美,简直就是一个神秘而又快活的幽灵。等到后来近前细察,那朦胧的美就清晰起来。尽管还是给人以幽灵与梦幻般的感觉,可“她” 的一举一动、一颦一笑又是一个活灵活现的常人。最后,诗人体验到 “她” 的温存,感受到“她” 的内美,还是把 “她” 当作心中的幽灵,可是身上却闪耀着天使般的神圣光环。
要用中国的乐器去成功地演奏这令人如醉如痴的西洋爱情三部曲,就有赖于配器的能人、演奏的高手以及指挥的行家去共同领会并表现原作那圣洁的浪漫情思和高超的艺术造诣。
She Was a Phantom of Delight
She was a phantom of delight
When first she gleamed upon my sight;
A lovely Apparition, sent
To be a moment’s ornament;
Her eyes as stars of Twilight fair;
Like Twilight’s too, her dusky hair;
But all things else about her drawn
From May-time and the cheerful Dawn;
A dancing Shape, an image gay,
To haunt, to startle, and way-lay.
I saw her upon nearer view,
A spirit, yet a Woman too!
Her household motions light and free,
And steps of virgin-liberty;
A countenance in which did meet
Sweet records, promises as sweet;
A Creature not too bright or good
For human nature’s daily food;
For transient sorrows, simple wiles,
Praise, blame, love, kisses, tears, and smiles
And now I see with eye serene
The very pulse of the machine;
A Being breathing thoughtful breath,
A Traveler between life and death;
The reason firm, the temperate will,
Endurance, foresight, strength, and skill;
A perfect Woman, nobly planned,
To warn, to comfort, and command;
And yet a Spirit still, and bright
With something of angelic light.
来自圈子: 译诗 |