本帖最后由 雨荷风 于 2015-10-7 14:38 编辑
再读叶芝的《当你老了》When You Are Old
When you are old and gray and full of sleep,1
And nodding by the fire, take down this book2,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look3
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;4
How many loved your moments of glad grace,5
And loved your beauty with love false and true;6
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,7
And loved the sorrows of your changing face.8
And bending down beside the glowing bars9
Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled10
And paced upon the mountains overhead11
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars. 12
注释:
这是写给Maud Gonne的爱情诗。诗人想象Maud Gonne年老时能读到自己对她不渝的爱恋。这首诗有两大魅力:一当然是诗人对Maud Gonne沉浑和不渝的爱恋;二是诗中现实和想象的呼应,以及过去和现在的交织,如5-8句实写过去诗人对Maud Gonne的一往情深,也好像是他的爱情宣言,又如11-12实写诗人曾经步上高山,在群星中藏起自己的脸庞,又好像他还在注目眼前年迈的Maud Gonne。这种情绪的转移和变换,正是该诗的魅力所在。
2:this book: 是诗人送给Maud Gonne的礼物,可能是成册的诗笺或信件,里面记录了诗人对Maud Gonne的一片痴情。这是准确理解这首诗的关键。
4-8行,以及10行的后半部分到12行,都是this book的内容。
4. soft look your eyes had once和their shadows deep: 从两个角度写Maud Gonne年轻时的眼神,或柔和,或深邃。
5-6的善变和7-8的坚贞比对,强调诗人真挚不渝的爱。
2行的nodding by the fire和9行bending down beside the glowing bars一致。 注意语义和情绪的递进,前文想象Maud Gonne在炉火前瞌睡,后文则写她在火光闪动的柴火前弯下身去。
2行的take down this book和10行murmur, a little sadly一致。语义和情绪递进同上。
李保华
2009-10-31
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