[原创]中英古詩比較

海外逸士

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">英文古詩正如中文古詩一樣﹐是有格律和韻的</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(METER &amp; RHYME)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">。以四行</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(LINE)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">為一節</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(STANZA)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">來說﹐每行分成音步</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(FOOT)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹐有四音步﹑五音步﹑六音步等。每一音步中﹐一兩個音節或三個音節。常用格律有抑揚或短長格</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(IAMBUS</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹐兩個音節的﹐一輕音</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">+</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">一重音</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹔揚抑或長短格</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">(TROCHEE</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹐一重音</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">+</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font face="Times New Roman">一輕音</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">)</span><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;">。其中抑揚格是最常用的。其他較不常用格﹐這裡暫略。我們可以這麼認為﹕英詩中的長音或揚音﹐可對應於中文古詩裡的平聲﹐而其短音或抑音﹐可對應於仄聲。當然平仄的安排和長短音的安排是不同的。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><p></p></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><font face="Times New Roman">以四行來說﹐英詩中韻的格式可以有</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">AABB</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹐</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">ABAB</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><font face="Times New Roman">﹐</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">ABBA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><font face="Times New Roman">幾種。行數越多﹐可變性越大﹐就像數學中的排列組合一樣﹐但限于一個詩節之內﹐其後的詩節往往重複。這與中文古詩裡有押韻一樣﹐只是格式不同。</font></span>

白沙

感谢先生。很好的学习资料，提给大家。

赵福治

<strong><font face="Verdana" color="#da2549">很好的资料,欢迎和远握海外逸士先生.</font></strong>

童天鉴日

<p>很好的资料,受益</p>